12/9 1865-1914: overview, Henry James's Daisy Miller
- The novels and short stories of Henry James and Edith Wharton tended to focus on the inner psychological lives of privileged upper-class characters.
- Naturalism was an outgrowth of literary realism, a prominent literary movement in mid-19th-century France and elsewhere. Naturalistic writers were influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. They often believed that one's heredity and social environment largely determine one's character.
- Thomas Hardy can also be grouped under the umbrella of naturalism, because of his realistic outlook on life evidenced in novels such as Tess of the D'Urbervilles.
P172.
Realism &Revolt (1865-1914)
P174. Local-Color
Writers: Mark Twain, Henry James
P176. International theme
- Thomas Hardy was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist in the tradition of George Eliot, he was influenced both in his novels and in his poetry by Romanticism, especially William Wordsworth. Charles Dickens was another important influence. Initially, therefore, he gained fame as the author of novels, including The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895).
- Tess of the d'Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented is a novel by Thomas Hardy.
- Tess Durbeyfield: Tess is a beautiful, loyal young woman living with her impoverished family in the village of Marlott. Tess has a keen sense of responsibility and is committed to doing the best she can for her family, although her inexperience and lack of wise parenting leave her extremely vulnerable. Her life is complicated when her father discovers a link to the noble line of the d’Urbervilles.
- Angel Clare: An intelligent young man, who has decided to become a farmer to preserve his intellectual freedom from the pressures of city life. He meets Tess when she is a milkmaid at the Talbothays Dairy and quickly falls in love with her.
- They continue walking and, in the middle of the night, stumble upon Stonehenge, where Tess lies down to rest on an ancient altar.
execution
(n.)
To execute someone
means to kill him or her as a punishment for a serious crime.
Roman Polanski is a Paris-born Pole
and,
since 1976, naturalized French-Polish film
director, producer, writer,
and actor. In
1968 he moved to the
United States and cemented his status
Baby (1968), Chinatown (1974), and
Tess (1979)
What
qualities distinguish practitioners of “naturalism” from
practitioners of
“realism” as a general movement? their
focus on
the way their characters’ lives are determined by forces beyond
their own control.
Which
of the following best describes the conditions most urban
factory workers faced
at the end of the nineteenth century? low
wages, dangerous working conditions, and few laws regulating
safety or working hours.
3D job stand for dirty, dangerous, and demeaning (or
difficult).
Which of the following best describes the effects of the
end of
Reconstruction in the southern states in 1877? The
southern states
instituted segregationist Jim
Crow laws and worked to erode the
Constitutional amendments that guaranteed the
civil rights of
African Americans.
- se-away from
segregate integrate
separate
seclude
select
constitutional (adj.)
constitutional means relating to the
constitution of a particular
country or organization.
amendment (n.)
An amendment is a section that is added to a law or
rule in order
to change it.
amend (v.)
If
you amend something that has been written such as a
law, or
something that is said, you change it in order to improve it or make
it
more accurate.
Which
of the following best describes the goals of “regionalism”
as
a literary movement? to
represent and thus preserve the distinctive
natural, social, and linguistic
features of particular regions of the
United States
The
Western frontier had been crucial to the
formation of
America’s democratic character, but no longer existed by the end
of
the nineteenth century.
Hemingway about his years
as a struggling, young, expatriate
expatriate (n.)An expatriate is someone who is living in a country
which is not their own.
- The beat Generation was a group of authors whose literature explored and influenced American culture in the post-World War II era. Central elements of Beat culture are rejection of standard narrative values, the spiritual quest, exploration of American and Eastern religions, rejection of materialism, explicit portrayals of the human condition, experimentation with psychedelic drugs, and sexual liberation and exploration.
- The "Lost Generation" was the generation that came of
You are all a "generation
perdue."
Patronage
(n.) is the support and money given by
someone to a person or a group such as a charity.
- I hardly know whether it was the analogies or the differences that were uppermost in the mind of a young American, who, two or three years ago, sat in the garden of the ‘Trois Couronnes,’ looking about him, rather idly, at some of the graceful objects I have mentioned.
- One of the most notable aspects of Daisy Miller is the narrative voice that James chose to recount the story of Winterbourne and Daisy. It is a curiously hybrid voice, neither omniscient nor personally involved.
- I haven’t the least idea what such young ladies expect a man to do. But I really think that you had better not meddle with little American girls that are uncultivated, as you call them. You have lived too long out of the country. You will be sure to make some great mistake.
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